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The key to the mystery is the seed analysis label. By law, the seed analysis label must appear on every package of seed sold. If the seed is sold in bulk amounts, the analysis will be printed on a tag tied to the handle of the storage container.

Although legal requirements vary somewhat from state to state, most analysis labels contain the following information:

Purity Purity is the percentage, by weight of pure grass seed. The label must show the percentage, by weight, of each species of grass in the mixture. This allows the consumer to compare the permanent with the nonpermanent grasses and the fine-textured with the coarse-textured grasses.

Percent germination This is the percentage of the pure seed that was capable of germination on the date tested. The date of testing is important and must be shown. If several months have passed since the germination test, the seed is less likely to germinate at the percentage indicated.

Crop seed This is the percentage, by weight, of cash crop seeds in the mixture. These are undesirable species for lawns.

Weeds This is the percentage, by weight, of weed seeds in the mixture. A seed qualifies as a weed seed if it has not been counted as a pure seed or crop seed.

Noxious weeds This is usually the number of noxious weed seeds per pound or ounce of weed seeds. Noxious weeds are those extremely undesirable and difficult to eradicate.

Inert material This is the percentage, by weight, of material in the package that will not grow. In low-priced seed mixes, it includes materials such as sand, chaff, or ground corncobs. Inert material may be


Pt’ fl’t TABLE 13-1.	A Comparison Chart for Turfgrasses

Grass Species	Cool Season or Warm Season	Growth Habit	Leaf Texture	Mowing Height/ Inches	Fertilization. Pounds of Nitrogen Per 1,000 Square Feet Per Year
Bahiagrass	Warm	Rhizomatous	Coarse	11/2 to 2	1 to 4
Bermudagrass	Warm	Stoloniferous and rhizomatous	Fine	1 to 2	4 to 9
Bentgrass, Colonial	Cool	Bunch-type (with short stolons and rhizomes)	Fine	1/2 to 1	2 to 4
Bentgrass, Creeping	Cool	Stoloniferous	Fine	1/2 or less	2 to 8
Bentgrass, Redtop (see Redtop)
Bentgrass, Velvet	Cool	Stoloniferous	Fine	1/2 or less	2 to 4
Bluegrass, Annual	Cool	Bunch-type or stoloniferous	Fine	1	2 to 6
Bluegrass, Canada	Cool	Rhizomatous	Medium	Does not mow well	1 or less
Bluegrass, Kentucky	Cool	Rhizomatous	Fine	1 to 21/2	2 to 6
Bluegrass, Rough	Cool	Stoloniferous	Fine	1 or less	2 to 4
Bromegrass, Smooth	Cool	Rhizomatous	Coarse	Does not mow well	1 or less
Buffalograss	Warm	Stoloniferous	Fine	1/2 to 11/2	1 /2 to 2
Carpetgrass, Common	Warm	Stoloniferous	Coarse	1 to 2	1 to 2
Carpetgrass, Tropical	Warm	Stoloniferous	Coarse	1 to 2	1 to 2
Centipedegrass	Warm	Stoloniferous	Medium	1 to 2	1 to 2
Fescue, Chewings	Cool	Bunch-type	Fine	1 1/2 to 2	2

Soil Tolerances	Climate Tolerances	Uses	How Established. If Seeded, Pounds Per 1,000 Square Feet
Infertile, acidic, and sandy	Subtropical and tropical	Utility turf; good for use along roadways	Seeded at 6 to 8
Does well on a wide range of soils	Warm temperate and subtropical	Sunny lawn areas; good general purpose turf for athletic fields, parks, home lawns	Plugging or seeded at 1 to 11 /2
Moderately fertile, acidic, and sandy	Temperate and seacoastal	Areas where intensive cultivation is practical	Seeded at 1/2 to 2
Fertile, acidic, and moist	Subarctic and temperate	Golf greens and other uses where intensive cultivation is practical	Sprigging or seeded at 1/2 to 11/2

Moderately fertile, acidic, and sandy	Temperate and seacoastal	Shaded, intensively cultivated areas	Seeded at 1/2 to 11/2
Fertile, neutral to slightly acidic	Temperate and cool subtropical	Not planted intentionally; but common in intensively cultivated turfs during spring and fall	Does not apply
Infertile, acidic, and droughty	Subarctic and cool temperate	A soil stabilizer	Seeded at 1 to 2
Fertile, neutral to slightly acidic	Subarctic, temperate, and cool subtropical	Sunny lawn areas; good general purpose turf for athletic fields, parks, and home lawns	Seeded at 1 to 2
Fertile and moist	Subarctic and cool, shaded temperate	Some use on shaded, poorly drained sites	Seeded at 1 to 2
Infertile and droughty	Dry and temperate	A soil stabilizer	Seeded at 1 to 2
Does well on a wide range of soils; tolerant of alkaline soils	Dry temperate and subtropical	Useful in semiarid sites as a general purpose lawn grass	Seeded at 3 to 6
Infertile, acidic, and moist	Subtropical and tropical	Utility turf; good for use along roadways and as a soil stabilizer	Seeded at 1 1/2 to 2V2
Infertile, acidic, and moist	Humid subtropical and tropical	Utility turf; good for use along roadways and as a soil stabilizer; can be used as a lawn grass in tropics	Seeded at 1 1/2 to 2V2
Infertile, acidic, and sandy	Subtropical and tropical	Utility turf; also usable as a low – use lawn grass	Seeded at 1/4 to 1/2
Infertile, acidic, and droughty	Subarctic and temperate	Shaded sites with poor soil	Seeded at 4 to 8

(continues)

TABLE 13-1.	A Comparison Chart for Turfgrasses (Co	ntinued)

Grass Species	Cool Season or Warm Season	Growth Habit	Leaf Texture	Mowing Height/ Inches	Fertilization. Pounds of Nitrogen Per 1,000 Square Feet Per Year
Fescue, Creeping Red	Cool	Rhizomatous	Fine	11/2 to 2	2
Fescue, Hard	Cool	Bunch-type	Medium	Does not mow well	1 or less
Fescue, Meadow	Cool	Bunch-type	Coarse	11/2 to 3	1 or less
Fescue, Sheep	Cool	Bunch-type	Fine	Does not mow well	1 or less
Fescue, Tall	Cool	Bunch-type	Medium to Coarse	11/2 to 3	1 to 3
Gramagrass, Blue	Warm	Rhizomatous	Fine	Does not mow well	1 or less
Redtop (a bentgrass)	Cool	Rhizomatous	Coarse	11/2 to 3	1 to 2
Ryegrass, Annual	Cool	Bunch-type	Medium	11/2 to 2	2 to 4
Ryegrass, Perennial	Cool	Bunch-type	Fine	11/2 to 2	2 to 6
St. Augustinegrass	Warm	Stoloniferous	Coarse	1 to 21/2	2 to 6
Timothy, Common	Cool	Bunch-type	Coarse	1 to 2	3 to 6
Wheatgrass, Crested	Cool	Bunch-type	Coarse	11/2 to 3	1 to 3
Zoysiagrass (Japanese lawngrass)	Warm	Stoloniferous and rhizomatous	Medium	1/2 to 1	2 to 3
Zoysiagrass (Manilagrass)	Warm	Stoloniferous and rhizomatous	Fine	1	2 to 3
Zoysiagrass (Mascarenegrass)	Warm	Stoloniferous and rhizomatous	Fine	Does not mow well	2 to 3

Soil Tolerances	Climate Tolerances	Uses	How Established. If Seeded, Pounds Per 1,000 Square Feet
Infertile, acidic, and droughty	Subarctic and temperate	Shaded sites	Seeded at 3 to 5
Fertile and moist; not tolerant to droughty soil	Moist and temperate	A soil stabilizer	Seeded at 4 to 8
Widely tolerant of all but droughty soils	Moist and temperate	Utility turf; good for use along roadways	Seeded at 4 to 8
Infertile, acidic, well – drained, and droughty	Dry and temperate	A soil stabilizer	Seeded at 3 to 5
Does well on a wide range of soils	Warm temperate and subtropical	Utility turf; good for use along road – ways; new cultivars (Brookston, Olympic, and Rebel) good for lawns	Seeded at 4 to 8
Does well on a wide range of soils	Dry and subtropical	Utility turf; good for use along road – ways and in arid sites	Seeded at 1 to 2
Does well on a wide range of soils	Subarctic, temperate, and cool subtropical	Utility turf; good for use along road – ways and in poorly drained areas	Seeded at 1/2 to 2
Fertile, neutral to slightly acidic and moist	Temperate and subtropical	Useful for quick and temporary lawns in the temperate zone and for winter color in the subtropic zones	Seeded at 4 to 6
Fertile, neutral to slightly acidic and moist	Mild and temperate	Used in mixed species lawns and as an athletic turf	Seeded at 4 to 8
Does well on a wide range of soils	Subtropical and tropical seacoastal	A good lawn grass with excellent shade tolerance	Sprigging
Fertile, slightly acidic, and moist	Subarctic and cool temperate	Utility turf; good for athletic fields in cold regions where preferable species won’t survive	Seeded at 1 to 2
Does well on a wide range of soils	Subarctic and cool temperate	Useful as a general purpose turf on droughty sites	Seeded at 3 to 5
Does well on a wide range of soils	Temperate, subtropical, and tropical	Useful as a general purpose turf for home lawns, parks, and golf courses, especially in warmer regions	Plugging
Does well on a wide range of soils	Subtropical and tropical	A good lawn grass	Plugging
Does well on a wide range of soils	Warm subtropical and tropical	A soil stabilizer and groundcover	Plugging

Coarse-Textured Grasses None claimed Other Ingredients 5.87% inert matter

0. 29% weeds—no noxious weeds

It is likely that Mixture C would be the most expensive. It contains the highest percentage of fine-textured grasses, no coarse-textured grasses, no annual grasses, and the lowest percentage of weeds. Mixture A would probably cost the least since it contains a high percentage of coarse grasses and the greatest percentage of weeds. None of the mixtures is very poor in quality since none contain crop or noxious weed seeds.

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