This is the weakest soil of all, but is so extensive in many places that paths may be unavoidable, while wooden boardwalks are too expensive for long stretches. Experience with long-distance paths in Britain indicates that measures for crossing peat are needed at the outset for path use; otherwise, severely eroded surfaces will occur very […]
Category: Design for Outdoor Recreation
Gentle or flat terrain in wetter, less well-drained. soils in wetter climates
Path construction is similar to that described above except for two factors: the need for more drainage, and the problems of the surface sinking into the wetter, weaker soils beneath. Drainage is provided by open ditches alongside each side of the path; these should lead water away without discharging directly into watercourses. The path can […]
Path excavation and surfacing
It is important to select the most appropriate methods of design and construction of the trail for different types of terrain. Gentle terrain and freely drained mineral soils inareas with low or moderate rainfall If trail use is light, no surfacing may be needed. The route is merely cleared of debris, trees and protruding branches […]
Path drainage
In wetter climates it is vital that the path is drained properly. As well as culverting small streams or drains that cross the path, its surface also needs to be drained. Water runs down the cut faces above the path, and if not collected and channelled away can cause serious erosion to the path surface […]
Trail construction principles
Once the route of the trail has been selected, it should be cleared, gradients found for barrier-free access (see below) where these are needed, and decisions made on appropriate surfacing. There are some guidelines to follow when considering trail construction: – Build as little surfaced trail as possible, if the ground is hard, naturally well […]
The sequence of experiences along a trail route
Having established the qualities by survey and the types of trail required by visitors, the detailed route planning can commence. Much of this can be based on the survey/analysis map, but a more detailed survey will be needed on the ground, exploring the landscape and marking feasible routes ready for clearance or construction. In most […]
Lengths of trail
Different people may be interested in different types and lengths of walk, depending on who they are, how fit they are and how much time they have. These needs can often be fitted into a range of circular loop walks. Walks of around one hour’s duration are quite popular. A half-hour jaunt to a particular […]
From a summit, a particularly beautiful hidden feature or archaeological site
survey should be compiled of the landscape by walking or riding through it, to identify and record features of interest. These might include viewpoints of various kinds (see below), peaks, narrow valleys, waterfalls, ponds and lakes, cliffs and rock features, stands of special trees, areas of meadow, archaeological or heritage sites, shorelines, caves, dense vegetation, […]
Trail route design
Most landscapes have varying terrain, different vegetation and a variety of places within them. Some may have peaks to climb, others water of various sorts or stands of big trees to walk or ride through. Using maps and aerial photographs a Trail planning: (a) Before laying out a trail it is a good idea to […]
Purpose of trails
In many cases the effect of trail development on the special qualities of a place is outweighed by the need to prevent wear and tear and to control the access to an area by visitors. If a trail is needed, consideration should be given to the particular theme that it will be used to explore, […]