While no two properties are exactly alike, some methods of grouping plants are common to most residential designs.
Corner Plantings
Defining the corners of the outdoor room are the corner plantings. Depending on how much privacy is desired, the corner plantings may or may not be connected to the line plantings that make up the walls of the outdoor room.
A corner planting has two parts: the incurve and the outcurves (Figure 9-17). The incurve is the most desirable location for an attractive specimen plant because it is a natural focal point. The plants in the outcurves should be selected and placed to direct attention even more strongly to the incurve (Figure 9-18).
figure 9-18. In a corner planting, attention is drawn from the outcurves to the incurve by stair-stepping plants. (Delmar/Cengage Learning)
figure 9-17. Parts of the corner planting bed: the incurve and the outcurves (Delmar/Cengage Learning)
‘jk TABLE 9-2. |
A Guide to Landscape Trees |
||
Tree |
Maximum Height |
||
60′ |
|||
Common Name |
Botanical Name |
Evergreen Deciduous |
10′-25′ 25′-60′ and up |
Almond |
Prunus amygdalus |
• |
• |
Amur Corktree |
Phellodendron amurense |
• |
• |
Apples |
Malus species |
• |
• |
Apricot |
Prunus armeniaca |
• |
• |
Arborvitae |
Thuja occidentalis |
• |
• |
Ash |
Fraxinus species |
||
Arizona |
F. velutina |
• |
• |
Green |
F. pennsylvanica |
• |
• |
White |
F. americana |
• |
• |
Flowering |
F ornus |
• |
• |
Beech |
Fagus species |
||
American |
F grandifolia |
• |
• |
European |
F. sylvatica |
• |
• |
Birch |
Betula species |
||
Canoe |
B. papyrifera |
• |
• • |
European |
B. pendula |
• |
|
Sweet |
B. lenta |
• |
• |
Cherry |
Prunus padus |
• |
• |
Chestnut, Chinese |
Castanea mollissima |
• |
• |
Crabapple |
Malus species |
||
Flowering |
• |
• |
|
Fruiting |
• |
• |
|
Crape Myrtle |
Lagerstroemia indica |
• |
• |
Cypress |
|||
Italian |
Cupressus sempervirens |
• |
• |
Monterey |
Cupressus macrocarpa |
• |
• |
Sawara false |
Chamaecyparis pisifera |
• |
• |
Dogwood |
Cornus species |
||
Flowering |
C. florida |
• |
• |
Kousa |
C. kousa |
• |
• |
Douglas Fir |
Pseudotsuga menziesi |
• |
• |
Time of Flowering |
Fruiting Time |
_ Good |
Hardiness |
|
Early Late Early |
Late Early Late |
Fall |
Zone |
|
Spring Spring Fall |
Summer Fall Fall |
Color |
Rating |
Comment |
• • |
8 |
Edible fruit |
||
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Corky bark |
|
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Does not fruit in warmer |
|
zones |
||||
• |
• |
5 to 5 |
Edible fruit |
|
3 to 7 |
Many types in wide size range |
|||
• |
• |
• |
5 to 9 |
Seedless forms |
• |
• |
3 to 9 |
are recommended |
|
• |
• |
3 to 9 |
||
5 to 9 |
||||
• |
• |
|||
5 to 9 |
||||
• |
3 to 9 |
Low-branching. Beeches do |
||
• |
3 to 9 |
poorly in city air |
||
5 to 9 |
||||
• |
• |
5 to 9 |
Often short-lived because |
|
• |
• |
3 to 9 |
of certain insect damage |
|
• |
• |
3 to 7 |
||
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Edible fruit; attracts wildlife |
|
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Edible fruit; disease resistant |
|
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Showy flowers and fruit |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 7 |
Edible fruit |
• |
7 to 10 |
Difficult to transplant |
||
7 |
Pyramidal growth habit |
|||
7 |
||||
3 to 8 |
||||
• |
• |
5 to 9 |
Good patio tree |
|
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
||
4 to 7 |
Dense foliage; pyramidal |
^ TABLE 9-2. |
A Guide to Landscape Trees (Continued) |
||
Tree |
Maximum Height |
||
60′ |
|||
Common Name |
Botanical Name |
Evergreen Deciduous |
10′-25′ 25′-60′ and up |
Elm |
Ulmus species |
||
American |
U. americana |
• |
• |
Chinese |
U. parvi folia |
• |
• |
Pioneer |
U. carpinifolia |
• |
• |
Smoothleaf |
|||
Fig |
Ficus carica |
• |
• |
Fir |
Abies species |
||
Balsam |
A. balsamea |
• |
• |
White |
A. concolor |
• |
• |
Fringe tree |
Chionanthus virginicus |
• |
• |
Ginkgo |
Ginkgo biloba |
• |
• |
Goldenchain |
Laburnum watereri |
• |
• |
Golden Rain Tree |
Koelreuteria paniculata |
• |
• |
Hawthorn |
Crataegus species |
||
English |
C. oxyacantha |
• |
• |
Green |
C. viridis |
• |
• |
Washington |
C. phaenopyrum |
• |
• |
Hemlock |
Tsuga canadensis |
• |
• |
Holly |
Ilex species |
||
American |
I. opaca |
• |
• |
English |
I. aquifolium |
• |
• |
Honeylocust, |
Gleditsia triacanthos |
||
Thornless |
inermis |
• |
• |
Hornbeam |
Carpinus species |
||
American |
C. caroliniana |
• |
• |
European |
C. betulus |
• |
• |
Larch |
Larix laricina |
• |
• |
Linden |
Tilia species |
||
American |
T. americana |
• |
• |
Little leaf |
T. cordata |
• |
• |
Silver |
T. tomentosa |
• |
• |
Time of Flowering |
Fruiting Time |
_ Good |
Hardiness |
|
Early Late Early |
Late Early Late |
Fall |
Zone |
|
Spring Spring Fall |
Summer Fall Fall |
Color |
Rating |
Comment |
• |
• |
3 to 9 |
Vase shaped; disease prone |
|
• |
• |
5 to 9 |
Good for residential use |
|
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
Disease resistant |
|
• |
• |
6 to 10 |
Edible fruit |
|
4 to 8 |
||||
4 to 8 |
||||
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
May also be used as a shrub |
|
• |
4 to 8 |
Use only male trees |
||
• |
5 to 7 |
Somewhat short-lived |
||
• |
• |
5 to 9 |
Coarse texture |
|
• |
• |
4 to 7 |
Thorny |
|
• |
• |
4 to 7 |
||
• |
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
|
3 to 7 |
Grows best in partial sunlight |
|||
Male and female plants are |
||||
• |
6 to 9 |
needed for fruit set; |
||
• |
6 to 9 |
pyramidal |
||
• |
4 to 8 |
Good city tree; several varieties |
||
• |
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
Shade tolerant |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Conical growth habit |
• |
2 to 6 |
A deciduous, needled conifer |
||
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
Good street trees |
|
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
||
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
‘jk TABLE 9-2. |
A Guide to Landscape Trees (Continued) |
||
Tree |
Maximum Height |
||
60′ |
|||
Common Name |
Botanical Name |
Evergreen Deciduous |
10′-25′ 25′-60′ and up |
Magnolia |
Magnolia species |
||
Bigleaf |
M. macrophylla |
• |
• |
Saucer |
M. soulangeana |
• |
• |
Southern |
M. grandiflora |
• |
• |
Star |
M. stellata |
• |
• |
Sweetbay |
M. virginiana |
• |
• |
Maple |
Acer species |
||
Amur |
A. ginnala |
• |
• |
Hedge |
A. campestre |
• |
• |
Japanese |
A. palmatum |
• |
• |
Norway |
A. platanoides |
• |
• |
Red |
A. rubrum |
• |
• |
Sugar |
A. saccharum |
• |
• |
Mountain Ash, |
Sorbus aucuparia |
||
European |
• |
• |
|
Oak |
Quercus species |
||
Live |
Q. virginiana |
• |
• |
Pin |
Q. palustris |
• |
• |
Red |
Q. rubra |
• |
• |
Scarlet |
Q. coccinea |
• |
• |
White |
Q. alba |
• |
• |
Peach |
Prunus persica |
• |
• |
Pear, Bradford |
Pyrus calleryana |
• |
• |
Bradford |
|||
Pecan |
Carya illinoinensis |
• |
• |
Pine |
Pinus species |
||
Austrian |
P. nigra |
• |
• |
Loblolly |
P. taeda |
• |
• |
Red |
P resinosa |
• |
• |
Scotch |
P sylvestris |
• |
• |
White |
P strobus |
• |
• |
Plum |
Prunus species |
||
Fruiting |
P domestica |
• |
• |
Purple flowering |
P cerasifera pissardi |
• |
• |
Redbud, Eastern |
Cercis canadensis |
• |
• |
Russian Olive |
Elaeagnus angustifolia |
• |
• |
Sapodilla |
Achras zapota |
• |
• |
Time of Flowering |
Fruiting Time |
_ Good |
Hardiness |
|
Early Late Early |
Late Early Late |
Fall |
Zone |
|
Spring Spring Fall |
Summer Fall Fall |
Color |
Rating |
Comment |
• |
6 to 9 |
Very large leaves and flowers |
||
• |
• |
5 to 9 |
||
• • |
7 to 9 |
Also usable as a large shrub |
||
•• |
• |
5 to 9 |
||
• |
5 to 9 |
|||
• |
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
Good fall foliage color |
• |
• |
4 to 7 |
They make good lawn trees |
|
• |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
|
• |
• |
3 to 7 |
||
• |
• |
• |
3 to 9 |
|
• |
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
|
• |
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
Susceptible to borer insects |
Strong trees; used widely as |
||||
7 to 9 |
lawn and shade trees |
|||
• |
4 to 9 |
|||
• |
4 to 8 |
|||
• |
5 to 9 |
|||
3 to 9 |
||||
• |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
Edible fruit |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
Symmetrical and formal |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
Nuts only mature in warmer |
|
areas |
||||
5 to 7 |
Good for use as windbreaks |
|||
6 to 9 |
Can be massed for grove |
|||
2 to 7 |
effects |
|||
2 to 7 |
||||
3 to 7 |
||||
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Edible fruit |
|
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
Deep red leaf color |
|
• |
4 to 9 |
Attractive, delicate flowers |
||
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Silver foliage |
|
•• |
10 to 11 |
(continues) |
A Guide to Landscape Trees (Continued)
Common Name |
Botanical Name |
Evergreen |
Deciduous 10′-25′ |
О CD J LO CM |
and up |
Silk Tree |
Albizia julibrissin |
• • |
|||
Spruce |
Picea species |
||||
Blue |
P pungens glauca |
• |
• |
||
Colorado |
Ppungens |
• |
• |
||
Golden White |
P glauca aurea |
• |
• |
||
Norway |
P. abies |
• |
• |
||
White |
P. glauca |
• |
• |
||
Sweet Gum |
Liquidambar styraciflua |
• |
• |
||
Sycamore |
Platanus occidentalis |
• |
• |
||
Tulip tree |
Liriodendron tulipifera |
• |
• |
||
Walnut |
Juglans species |
||||
Black |
J. nigra |
• |
• |
||
English |
J. cinerea |
• |
• |
||
Willow |
Salix species |
||||
Babylon weeping |
S. babylonica |
• |
• |
||
Corkscrew |
S. matsudana tortuosa |
• |
• |
||
Pussy |
S. discolor |
•• |
|||
Thurlow weeping |
S. elegantissima |
• |
• |
||
Zelkova, |
Zelkova serrata |
||||
Japanese |
• |
• |
TABLE 9-2. |
Maximum Height 60′ |
Tree |
Time of Flowering |
Fruiting Time |
_ Good |
Hardiness |
|
Early Late Early |
Late Early Late |
Fall |
Zone |
|
Spring Spring Fall |
Summer Fall Fall |
Color |
Rating |
Comment |
• |
6 to 9 |
|||
2 to 7 |
Rigid, dense conifers; they |
|||
2 to 7 |
make excellent lawn trees, but |
|||
2 to 7 |
give them plenty of room to |
|||
2 to 7 |
spread |
|||
2 to 7 |
||||
• |
• |
5 to 9 |
Excellent fall color; mixed tones |
|
• |
• |
3 to 9 |
White, peeling bark |
|
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
Needs room to grow and spread |
|
Edible nuts; detrimental to |
||||
• |
• |
4 to 7 |
the growth of nearby plants |
|
• |
• |
6 to 8 |
||
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
||
• |
4 to 9 |
Twisted stems; specimen plant |
||
• |
4 to 9 |
Willows grow quickly, have |
||
4 to 9 |
weak wood, and thrive in wet |
|||
• |
• |
areas |
||
4 to 8 |
Often a substitute for |
|||
• |
American elm |
^ TABLE 9-3. |
A Guide to Landscape Shrubs |
||
Shrub |
Mature Height |
||
Common |
8′ |
||
Name |
Botanical Name |
Evergreen Deciduous |
3′-5′ 5′-8′ and |
Almond, Flowering |
Prunus glandulosa |
• |
• |
Azaleas |
Rhododendron species |
||
Gable |
R. poukanense hybrid |
• |
• |
Hiryu |
R. obtusum Hiryu |
• |
• |
Indica |
R. indica |
• |
• |
Kurume |
R. obtusum Kurume |
• |
• |
Mollis |
R. kosterianum |
• |
• |
Torch |
R. calendulaceum |
• |
• |
Barberry |
Berberis species |
||
Japanese |
B. thunbergi |
• |
• |
Redleaved |
B. thunbergi atropurpurea |
• |
• |
Wintergreen |
B. julianae |
• |
• |
Bayberry |
Myrica pennsylvanica |
semi |
• |
Boxwood |
Buxus species |
||
Common |
B. sempervirens |
• |
• |
Little leaf |
B. microphylla |
• |
• |
Camellia |
Camellia species |
||
Japanese |
C. japonica |
• |
• |
Sasanqua |
C. sasanqua |
• |
• |
Coralberry |
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus |
• |
• |
Cotoneaster |
Cotoneaster species |
||
Cranberry |
C. apiculata |
• |
• |
Rockspray |
C. horizontalis |
semi |
• |
Spreading |
C. divaricata |
• |
• |
Deutzia, slender |
Deutzia gracilis |
• |
• |
Dogwood |
Cornus species |
||
Cornelian Cherry |
C. mas |
• |
• |
Grey |
C. racemosa |
• |
• |
Red twig |
C stolonifera |
• |
• |
Firethorn |
Pyracantha species |
||
Scarlet |
P. coccinea |
semi |
• |
Formosa |
P. koidzumii |
• |
• |
Season of Bloom** |
Light Tolerance |
Good |
Zone |
||
Early Late Early |
Semi – Heavy |
Fall |
of |
||
Spring Spring Fall |
Sun |
Shade Shade |
Color |
Hardiness |
Comment |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Very showy blooms |
||
• |
• |
6 to 9 |
Requires acidic soil condition |
||
• |
• |
• |
7 to 9 |
and often iron chelate |
|
• |
• |
8 to 9 |
fertilizers |
||
• |
• |
6 to 9 |
|||
• |
• |
6 to 9 |
|||
• |
• |
6 to 9 |
|||
• • |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Good plants for traffic |
• |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
control; thorny |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
|||
• |
• |
2 to 6 |
Fragrant leaves and berries |
||
• |
• |
6 to 9 |
Prunes well; good for hedges |
||
• |
• |
5 to 10 |
|||
• • |
• |
• • |
7 to 9 |
Fragrant |
|
• |
7 to 9 |
||||
• |
• |
• |
2 to 7 |
Good for erosion control |
|
• |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Fall color comes from bright |
• |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
red fruit |
• |
• |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
|
• |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
Delicate foliage; white blossoms |
|
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Also used as a small tree |
|
• |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Good for erosion control |
• |
• |
• |
2 to 8 |
||
• |
• |
• |
• |
6 to 9 |
Fall color comes from |
• |
• |
• |
7 to 10 |
brightly colored fruit |
|
**Where no time of bloom is given, the flowers are either not produced or are inconspicuous. |
3^’ Д TABLE 9-3. |
A Guide to Landscape Shrubs (Continued) |
||
Shrub |
Mature Height |
||
Common |
8′ |
||
Name |
Botanical Name |
Evergreen Deciduous |
3′-5′ 5′-8′ and up |
Forsythia |
Forsythia species |
||
Early |
F. ovata |
• |
• |
Lynwood Gold |
F intermedia Lynwood |
• |
• |
Showy border |
F. intermedia spectabilis |
• |
• |
Gardenia |
Gardenia jasminoides |
• |
• |
Hibiscus |
Hibiscus species |
||
Chinese |
H. rosa sinensis |
• |
• |
Shrub Althea |
H. syriacus |
• |
• |
Holly |
Ilex species |
||
Chinese |
I. cornuta |
• |
• |
Inkberry |
I. glabra |
• |
• |
Japanese |
I. crenata convexa |
• |
• |
Honeysuckle |
Lonicera species |
||
Blue leaf |
L. korolkowiizabel |
• |
• |
Morrow |
L. morrowii |
• |
• |
Tatarian |
L. tatarica |
• |
• |
Hydrangea |
Hydrangea species |
||
Hills of Snow |
H. aborescens grandiflora |
• |
• |
Oak Leaf |
H. quercifolia |
• |
•• |
Pee Gee |
H. paniculata grandiflora |
• |
|
Jasmine |
Jasminum species |
||
Common White |
J. officinale |
semi • |
•• |
Florida |
J. floridum |
• |
• |
Winter |
J. nudiflorum |
||
Juniper |
Juniperus species |
||
Andorra |
J. horizontalis plumosa |
• |
|
Hetz |
J. chinensis hetzi |
• |
• |
Japanese Garden |
J. procumbens |
• |
• |
Savin |
J. sabina |
• |
• |
Pfitzer |
J. chinensis pfitzeriana |
• |
•• |
Lilac |
Syringa vulgaris |
• |
• |
Mahonia |
Mahonia species |
||
Leatherleaf |
M. bealei |
• |
• • |
Oregon-grape |
M. aquifolium |
• |
Season of Bloom** |
Light Tolerance |
Good |
Zone |
||
Early Late Early |
Semi – Heavy |
Fall |
of |
||
Spring Spring Fall |
Sun |
Shade Shade |
Color |
Hardiness |
Comment |
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
Bright yellow flowers; |
||
• |
• |
5 to 9 |
cascading branching |
||
• |
• |
5 to 9 |
|||
• • |
• |
• |
8 to 10 |
Fragrant flowers |
|
• • |
• |
• |
9 to 10 |
Also called Rose |
|
• |
5 to 9 |
of Sharon |
|||
• |
• |
6 to 9 |
Fruit is dark blue and not as |
||
• |
• |
3 to 7 |
showy as on the tree hollies |
||
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
|||
• |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
Fragrant |
|
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
||
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
|||
• |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
Coarse leaf texture; showy |
• • |
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
blossoms |
|
• |
3 to 8 |
||||
•• |
• |
• |
7 to 9 |
||
• |
• |
• |
7 to 9 |
||
• |
6 to 10 |
||||
• |
3 to 8 |
Junipers grow well in hot, dry |
|||
• |
4 to 9 |
soil; many are tolerant of |
|||
• |
4 to 9 |
salted soils and heavy snow |
|||
• |
3 to 7 |
loads. |
|||
• |
4 to 9 |
||||
• |
• |
3 to 7 |
Large, fragrant flowers |
||
• |
•• |
6 to 8 |
Holly-like foliage |
||
• |
•• |
5 to 8 |
Bluish, grape-like fruit |
**Where no time of bloom is given, the flowers are either not produced or are inconspicuous. |
A Guide to Landscape Shrubs (Continued)
TABLE 9-3.
|
Season of Bloom** |
Light Tolerance |
. Good |
Zone |
||
Early Late Early |
Semi – Heavy |
Fall |
of |
||
Spring Spring Fall |
Sun |
Shade Shade |
Color |
Hardiness |
Comment |
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
Creamy white fragrant flower |
||
• |
• |
• |
• |
6 to 9 |
Both flowers and fruits attractive |
• |
• |
• |
2 to 7 |
||
• |
• |
• |
8 to 10 |
All parts are poisonous if eaten |
|
• |
• |
• |
7 to 9 |
Rapid growing; prone to |
|
• |
• |
• |
7 to 9 |
fungal diseases |
|
• |
• |
• |
7 to 9 |
||
• |
• |
6 to 8 |
|||
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
|||
• |
• |
2 to 7 |
Slow-growing |
||
late |
• |
9 to 10 |
Long-lasting blooms |
||
fall |
|||||
• |
• |
• |
• |
8 to 9 |
Colorful both spring and fall |
2 to 7 |
|||||
• • |
• |
Produces flowers all summer |
|||
•• |
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
Prunes well; |
|
• |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
popular hedge plants |
|
• |
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
||
• |
7 to 10 |
||||
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Densely branched; thorny |
|
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Good for traffic control |
|
• |
• |
• |
6 to 8 |
Showy plants; require |
|
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
well-drained, acidic soil |
||
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
|||
•• |
• |
varies |
Very diverse group of plants; large blooms; high maintenance |
||
**Where no time of bloom is given, the flowers are either not produced or are inconspicuous. |
A Guide to Landscape Shrubs (Continued)
Shrub |
Mature Height |
|||
Common |
8′ |
|||
Name |
Botanical Name |
Evergreen |
Deciduous |
3′-5′ 5′-8′ and up |
Spirea |
Spiraea species |
|||
Anthony Waterer |
S. bumalda Anthony Waterer |
• |
• |
|
Bridal wreath |
S. prunifolia |
• |
• |
|
Billiard |
S. billardi |
• |
• |
|
Frobel |
S. bumalda Froebelii |
• |
• |
|
Thunberg |
S. thunbergi |
• |
• |
|
Vanhoutte |
S. vanhouttei |
• |
• |
|
Viburnum |
Viburnum species |
|||
Arrowwood |
V. dentatum |
• |
• |
|
Black Haw |
V. prunifolium |
• |
• |
|
Cranberrybush |
V. opulus |
• |
• |
|
Doublefile |
V. plicatum tomentosum |
• |
• |
|
Fragrant |
V. carlcephalum |
• |
• |
|
Japanese Snowball |
V. plicatum |
• |
• |
|
Leatherleaf |
V. rhytidophyllum |
• |
• |
|
Sandankwa |
V. suspensum |
• |
• |
|
Wax Myrtle |
Myrica cerifera |
• |
• |
|
Weigela |
Weigela florida |
• |
• |
|
Winged Euonymus |
Euonymus alatus |
• |
• |
|
Wintercreeper |
Euonymus fortunei vegetus |
• |
• |
|
Yew |
Taxus species |
|||
Spreading |
• |
• |
||
Anglo-Japanese Upright Anglo- |
T. media |
• |
• |
|
Japanese |
T. media hatfield |
|||
Spreading Japanese |
T. cuspidata |
• |
• |
|
Upright Japanese |
T. cuspidata capitata |
• |
• |
|
English |
T. baccata |
• |
• |
|
Canada |
T. canadensis |
• |
• |
|
*Semi-evergreen indicates that the plants retain their leaves in warmer climates, but drop them during the winter in |
||||
colder areas. |
Season of Bloom** |
Light Tolerance |
Good |
Zone |
||
Early Late Early |
Semi – Heavy |
Fall |
of |
||
Spring Spring Fall |
Sun |
Shade Shade |
Color |
Hardiness |
Comment |
• • |
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
Attractive when flowering; |
|
• |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
most are resistant to insects |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
and diseases |
|
• |
• |
• |
4 to 9 |
||
• |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
||
• |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
|
• |
• |
• |
• |
2 to 8 |
Attractive spring flowers; |
• |
• |
• |
• |
3 to 8 |
good fall color; many |
• |
• |
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
provide good wildlife food |
• |
• |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
|
• |
• |
• |
• |
5 to 7 |
|
• |
• |
• |
• |
5 to 8 |
|
• |
•• |
5 to 8 |
|||
• |
• |
• |
9 to 10 |
||
• |
• |
7 to 9 |
Tiny, waxy grey berries |
||
• |
• |
4 to 8 |
Blooms late |
||
• |
• |
• |
3 to 9 |
Crimson fall color |
|
• |
• |
5 to 9 |
|||
• |
• |
4 to 7 |
Excellent for foundation plantings; |
||
• |
• |
4 to 7 |
prunes well; long lived; will not tolerate poorly drained soil |
||
• |
• |
4 to 7 |
|||
• |
• |
4 to 7 |
|||
• |
• |
6 to 7 |
|||
• |
2 to 6 |
||||
**Where no time of bloom is given, the flowers are either not produced or are inconspicuous. |
cb U_l __ 1 |
±] |
A Guide to Groundcovers |
||||||||
Groundcovers Common Name Botanical Name |
Evergreen |
Deciduous |
Height |
Optimum Spacing |
No. Needed to Plant 100 sq. ft. |
Light Tolerance |
Zone of Hardiness |
Flower or Fruit Color and Time of Effectiveness |
||
Aaron’s Beard |
Hypericum calycinum |
• |
18" |
18 inches |
44 |
full/ partial sun |
5 to 8 |
Yellow flowers in late spring |
||
Ajuga or Bugle |
Ajuga reptans |
• |
5" |
6 inches |
400 |
sun or shade |
4 to 9 |
Blue or white flowers in summer |
||
Bearberry |
Arctostaphylus uvamursi |
• |
10" |
12 inches |
92 |
sun or shade |
2 to 6 |
Pink flowers in spring |
||
Bigleaf Wintercreeper |
Euonymus fortunei radicans |
• |
18" |
3 feet |
14 |
sun or shade |
4 to 9 |
Orange fruit in the fall |
||
Cast iron plant |
Aspidistra elatior |
• |
18" |
10 inches |
144 |
shade |
6 to 10 |
Not noticeable |
||
Candytuft, Evergreen |
Iberis sempervirens |
• |
12" |
12 inches |
92 |
full/ partial sun |
4 to 9 |
White flowers in spring and summer |
||
Cotoneaster, Creeping |
Cotoneaster adpressa |
• |
12" |
4 feet |
10 |
sun |
4 to 8 |
Pink flowers/spring; red berries in fall |
||
Cotoneaster, Rockspray |
Cotoneaster horizontal is |
semi |
18" plus |
4 feet |
10 |
sun |
4 to 8 |
Pink in spring/red berries in fall |
||
Himalayan Sweet Box |
Sarcococca hookerana humilis |
• |
15" |
18 inches |
44 |
shade |
6 to 9 |
Insignificant |
||
Honeysuckle, Creeping |
Lonicera prostrata |
• |
12" |
3 feet |
14 |
sun |
5 to 9 |
Yellow flowers/spring; red berries/fall |
||
Hosta |
Hosta plantaginea |
• |
18" |
18 inches |
40 |
shade |
3 to 9 |
White flowers in late summer |
||
Ivy, Baltic English |
Hedera helix baltica |
• |
8" |
12 inches |
44 |
shade |
5 to 9 |
Insignificant |
Groundcovers
No. Needed Optimum to Plant Light Zone of Flower or Fruit Color and Common Name Botanical Name Evergreen Deciduous Height Spacing 100 sq. ft. Tolerance Hardiness Time of Effectiveness
|
Vines
Twining Hardiness Flower or Fruit BroadLeaf or Light Zone Color and Time of Common Name Botanical Name Evergreen Deciduous Height Clinging Tendrils Tolerance Rating Effectiveness
|
TABLE 9-6. A Guide to Selected Southwestern Plants
|
Mature Height |
Season of Bloom |
|
О Г сл (Л GO q GO q сл q сл о о < – n> —к |
Early Late Spring Spring Summer Fall Winter |
Special Use in the Landscape |
• specimen tree
very salt tolerant frequent pruning
• • makes these attractive
• flowering trees
• |
• |
lawn tree |
|
• |
NS |
shade trees and windbreaks |
|
• |
NS |
||
• |
NS |
shade tree |
Cercidium floridum Cercidium microphyllum Parkinsonia aculeata
Pinus halepensis Pinus sabiniana Pinus pinea Pinus thunbergii Pinus cembroides
Pistache, Chinese |
Pistacia chinensis |
T |
Poplar |
||
Ba l m-of-Gi lead |
Populus balsamifera |
T |
Bolleana |
Populus alba var. ‘Pyramidalis’ |
T |
Cottonwood |
Populus fremontii |
T |
Lombardy |
Populus nigra ‘Italica’ |
T |
White |
Populus alba |
T |
Silk tree |
Albizia julibrissin |
T |
Smoke tree |
Dalea spinosa |
T |
Sycamore |
||
American |
Platanus occidentalis |
T |
Arizona |
Platanus racemosa ‘Wrightii’ |
T |
California |
Platanus racemosa |
T |
Tamarisk |
||
Athel tree |
Tamarix aphylla |
T |
Salt cedar |
Tamarix parviflora |
T |
Umbrella tree, Texas |
Melia azedorach ‘Umbraculiformis’ |
T |
Mature Height |
Season of Bloom |
О Г сл сл GO q GO q (Л q сл о о < – n> —к |
Early Late Special Use in the Spring Spring Summer Fall Winter Landscape |
• |
NS good multi-stemmed tree |
• |
• lawn tree |
• • • |
specimen trees • • • |
• • • |
NS grows well in poor soil NS specimen plant NS good in desert NS conditions NS good in planters; prune well multi-stemmed effects |
• |
NS good patio tree; good fall color |
• • • • • |
narrow columnar NS form NS windbreaks NS NS NS |
• |
• showy shade tree |
• |
|
• • • |
excellent street trees NS NS NS |
• |
wind, drought, and • salt resistant |
shade tree
^ TABLE 9-6. |
A Guide to Selected Southwestern Plants (Continued) |
||
Plant |
Mature Height |
||
Growth |
|||
Common Name |
Botanical Name |
Habit |
1′ or less 2′-5′ 6′-9′ |
Willow |
|||
Babylon |
Salix babylonica |
T |
|
Globe Navajo |
T |
||
Wisconsin |
Salix x blanda |
T |
|
Zelkova, Sawleaf |
Zelkova serrata |
T |
|
Abelia, Glossy |
Abelia x grandiflora |
S |
• |
Apache plume |
Fallugia paradoxa |
S |
• |
Arborvitae, Oriental |
Thuja orientalis |
S |
|
Barberry |
|||
Darwin |
Berberis darwinii |
S |
• |
Japanese |
Berberis thunbergii |
S |
• |
Bird of Paradise |
Caesalpinia gilliesii |
S |
• |
Brittlebush |
Encelia farinosa |
S |
• |
Butterfly bush |
Buddleia davidii |
S |
• |
Cherry laurel, Carolina Prunus caroliniana |
S |
||
Cotoneaster, Silverleaf Cotoneaster pannosus |
S |
• |
|
Crape myrtle |
Lagerstroemia indica |
S |
|
Creosote bush |
Larrea tridentata |
S |
• |
Firethorn, Laland |
Pyracantha coccinea ‘Lalandei’ |
S |
• |
Hibiscus |
|||
Chinese |
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis |
S |
|
Rose of Sharon |
Hibiscus syriacus |
S |
|
Holly |
|||
Burford |
Ilex cornuta ‘Burfordii’ |
S |
• |
Wilson |
Ilex wilsonii |
S |
• |
Yaupon |
Ilex vomitoria |
S |
|
Hopbush |
Dodonaeacuneata |
S |
|
Jojoba |
Simmondsia chinensis |
S |
• |
Juniper |
|||
Armstrong |
Juniperus chinensis Armstrongii’ |
S |
• |
Hollywood |
Juniperus californica |
S |
|
Pfitzer |
Juniperus chinensis ‘Pfitzeriana’ |
S |
• |
Lysiloma |
Lysiloma sp. |
S |
Mature Height |
Season of Bloom |
О Г сл сл GO q GO q сл q сл о о < – n> —к |
Early Late Special Use in the Spring Spring Summer Fall Winter Landscape |
• • • |
NS NS NS |
• |
NS windbreak |
• |
|
• |
|
• |
NS |
barrier plantings • NS |
|
• |
|
• |
|
• vigorous growth |
|
• |
• screens and hedges |
• wind screen |
|
• |
• very colorful flowers |
• screens and hedges |
|
• espaliers well |
|
• • |
• • |
• |
Wilson and Yaupon clip NS and shade well NS NS |
• |
NS screens |
NS hedges |
|
• |
NS NS NS |
• |
• good for transition between garden and natural landscape |
A Guide to Selected Southwestern Plants (Continued)
Plant |
Mature Height |
|
Common Name |
Botanical Name |
Growth Habit 1′ or less 2′-5′ |
Myrtle |
Myrtus communis |
S • |
Ocotillo |
Fouquieria splendens |
S |
Oleander |
Nerium oleander |
S |
Photinia |
Photinia glabra |
S |
Privet |
||
California |
Ligustrum ovalifolium |
S |
Glossy |
Ligustrum lucidum |
S |
Japanese |
Ligustrum japonicum |
S |
Texas |
Ligustrum japonicum texanum |
S |
Rose, Floribunda |
Rosa x floribunda |
S • |
Silverberry |
Elaeagnus commutatus |
S |
Sugar bush |
Rhus ovata |
S |
Bougainvillea |
Bougainvillea glabra |
V |
Ivy |
||
Algerian |
Hedera canariensis |
G • |
Boston |
Parthenocissus tricuspidata |
V |
Jasmine, Star |
Jasminum multiflorum |
V |
Lavender Cotton |
Santolina chamaecyparissus |
G • |
Periwinkle |
Vinca minor |
G • |
Trumpet creeper |
Campsis radicans |
V |
Virginia creeper |
Parthenocissus quinquefolia |
V |
Wisteria |
Wisteria sinensis |
V |
Key: T, Trees; S, Shrubs; V, Vines; G, Groundcovers; NS, Flowers are not showy.
Mature Height |
Season of Bloom |
О Г СП (Л со о со о (Л о сл о о < – п> —ч. |
Early Late Special Use in the Spring Spring Summer Fall Winter Landscape |
• prunes and shapes well |
|
• |
• specimen plant |
• |
• • does well in heat and poor soil |
• |
• screens |
• • • |
all species can be • pruned to lower • heights • • |
• massing effects |
|
• |
NS good for containers |
• |
• |
• very colorful |
NS
NS
• very fragrant
• effective as edging
• • •
• NS
may be trained as shrubs and weeping trees
The incurve plant is usually the tallest plant in the bed. If the corner planting is not the major focal point of the outdoor room, an accent rather than a specimen plant can be selected for the incurve. An accent plant will attract the eye more than the outcurve plants, but not as much as the focal point.
Many variations are possible with a corner planting (Figure 9-19). Shorter plants can be placed in front of taller plants, and a statue or bench can be used instead of a plant at the incurve. Whatever is done, it is important to keep the design simple. Only three or four species should be used unless the bed is exceptionally large.