Furniture Design Ideas

Urban landscape is as dynamic as urban life. It constantly changes. The design product is never finished due to both ever changing structure of urban realm and the living materials used in urban landscape design. Modern urban environments grow and expand so fast that efficient use of land becomes a necessity. Thus, any design should […]

In this section landscape design is discussed in urban context. From a wider perspective, urban landscape is a part of urban matrix. Therefore design of urban landscapes should be considered as an integral part of urban design. Urban landscape design is clearly not urban design, but a crucial part of it. Hence, factors influencing urban […]

The degradation of natural environments inevitably affects human health in a negative way. According to World Health Organization (2012); environmental hazards are responsible for as much as a quarter of the total burden of disease world-wide, and more than one-third of the burden among children. The relationship between environment, particularly urban environments and human health […]

Humans are the dominating elements of an urban environment. Social interaction, as a basic need for humans, is essential in developing sense of community, belonging and security. Social interaction in cities is possibly the highest in public open and green spaces. Urban open and green spaces offer citizens various activity choices including recreational and sports […]

Contemporary urban ecology assumes that urban areas are ecosystems since they have interacting biological and physical complexes (Cadenasso & Pickett, 2008). McHarg played a major role in emergence of ecological landscape design approaches in urban development. His work "Design with Nature"(1969) displays how nature and city might coexist together. However, ecology has been neglected in […]

Urban landscape is basically formed of open and green spaces within an urban environment[14]. However, it is not totally independent from the surrounding buildings and structures. Altogether, they form the character and identity of a city, and sense of place. It contributes to the cityscape by means of aesthetics and function. It also supports urban […]

Landscape architecture is the art and science of creating and conserving outdoor environments with respect to cultural values and ecological sustainability. It uses both non­living and living materials for design and planning, therefore the outcome is always dynamic and changing. Until recently, urban design was associated mainly with architecture and urban planning, and the role […]

Under the course description of "Urban Design: City-Building and Place-Making"at University California, Berkeley, urban design is explained as follows: „The discipline of urban design is concerned with notions of the “good city." It is concerned with how urban environments work for people and support human needs, how physical designs may facilitate or hinder human behavior, […]

Murat Z. Memluk Ankara University Turkey 1. Introduction Peyzaj, the Turkish word for landscape, originates from French word "paysage" which means scenery. Nowadays, the word encompasses a wider and deeper meaning. While in the medieval period, "landscape" was used as a synonym for "region" and "territory" in most of the Germanic languages, beginning from the […]

Besides sound level measurements, perceived acoustic quality and preferences are often evaluated through interviews, questionnaires and soundwalks. During sound level measurements A-weighted equivalent continuous sound level (LAeq) is measured and statistical sound levels (Leq90, Leq50, and Leq10) are calculated. Equivalent continuous sound level presents the average level of noise over a time period, while statistical […]