Natural Capitalism 83
Cradle to Cradle 94
Biomimicry 109
Life Cycle analysis 121
social return on investment 147
the natural step™ 154
total beauty 158
sustainability helix 172
other Frameworks 180
Putting them Ап together 182
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here are several approaches, or frameworks, for understanding sustainability and its impact on the design and development of products and services, as well as on corporate behavior. For the most part, none is complete and only together do they form a full picture of criteria, processes, and approaches to more sustainable solutions. The proponents of some frameworks argue that theirs is complete or the best, but this is hardly true. However, all frameworks are lenses that contribute to the larger understanding of the issues, measures, and approaches of sustainability.
In this chapter, I’ve tried to discuss the most popular and influential approaches, but, no doubt, more will arise in the future. Each framework discussed is accompanied by a diagram summarizing its approach in the context of the expanded spectrum discussed in the first chapter. Hopefully, you’ll find inspiration and something of value in all of these approaches. Don’t let anyone tell you that there is only one way worth pursuing or from which to understand sustainability. Ultimately, you’ll have to
create your own model as a synthesis of everything meaningful you find in any of these frameworks, which is what I’ve tried to do for you in the “summary framework” at the end of this chapter
Whichever framework (or combination) you use, it’s important to identify those that integrate well with your current development process and culture.
