While determining the transplantation methods of plants: aspects of the natural soil and transplantation area, distance between these areas, aspects of the settlements around these areas, the amount of time between removing and planting the plant, devices that will be used during the process and finance factors have significant roles. In order to make vegetal design of big areas and make successful plantations time, money, protectors and development methods are needed.
Removing the plant which will be transplanted should be made in overcast, rainy weather rather than in windy, sunny, too dry or too cold weather; nights are preferable for transplantation as microorganisms that revitalize root development are protected at night. Microorganisms are damaged and sometimes die because of direct exposure to sun and because of dryer winds. If plants are grown in nurseries, transplanted a few times, while being replicated their roots are pruned and capillary roots are increased, their plantations will be more successful. Although plants whose roots have never been maintained before, plants that are grown in a compact area, taller plants, sensitive and precious species can be transplanted in far fields, they should be protected very carefully and more precautions should be taken as their roots can fall apart (Urgeng, 1998). Transplantation methods of plants are divided into three categories; bare roots, root balls, sacks, boxing and mechanical plant transplantation.
1.1.6 Transplantation of bare rooted plants
These are the plants whose body diameter is under 5 cm. In removing the small bare rooted plants, firstly a pit is dug which can taken all the root system in; the distance between the body and pit should be proper, or else roots can be damaged. Beginning from the edge of the root, the ground is dug until main root system appears. In order to ensure plants’ adaptation to their new environment, soil parts between roots should be protected as much as possible. If the plant has a taproot system, this part should be laterally cut with a cutter and the plant should be released. The removed plant should be wrapped loosely with a piece of cloth in order to protect it from the wind and sun and create a humid environment, and then it must be transferred (Urgeng, 1998).
Bare Rooted transplantation method is used more for large surfaced special trees. It is more successful during winter. Transplantations during mild climate winter are more successful. Plants should be waited in sandy soil and the ground they will plant shouldn’t be too far. The important point is to ensure the development of plant roots. Necessary precautions should be taken in order to protect plants from fog and smoke (Harris, 1983).
After carrying necessary soil into the pit the plant will be planted and it the plantation is completed, it is covered up with sandy soil. In order to ensure the continuity of plants’ lives, systematic irrigation and development conditions are crucial. Plants in Disneyland Amusement Center in the United States of America were planted with this method and have been very healthy through years (Harris, 1983).
