Apart from the adjustment of a given distribution to a density function while maintaining its random characteristic, it is also possible to change the statistical attributes directly. An important example in connection with plants is the transformation of a Poisson distribution or otherwise given random distribution into a Poisson disk distribution. For this process the […]
Category: Digital Design of Nature
Iterative Production
If the distribution patterns are not explicitly given, but their spatial statistical characteristics are known (see Sect. 3.5), then random-number generators can be applied for their production. This can be implemented in two ways: either points are generated one after the other and then inserted into a point set, until the given specification is reached, […]
Direct Specification of Distributions
Within the pipeline for the production of geometric data, also the plant distribution is divided into substeps. in a first step, areals are specified and attributed with the characteristics of their vegetation. This step is usually implemented using a geographic information system (GiS). Due to an uniform geodetic reference system, this type of system allows […]
Modeling Vegetation
When modeling larger landscapes, some of the problems addressed in earlier chapters intensify while others become less significant. For example, the arrangement of the objects, contrary to the objects within plant geometries, now basically takes place on a plane; and some subproblems can be solved in twodimensional abstractions, instead having to compute them on the […]
Interaction with Fractal Terrain
For graphics modeling, often it is not sufficient to let the appearance of a terrain be controlled only by the parameters of the fractal production function or by erosion processes. In many cases complex constraints must be taken into consideration. Also, often the general appearance of the landscape is already given and fractal noise is […]
Erosion
For the most part, the appearance of a natural landscape is determined by erosion, in that material is cleared away, and rough edges are sanded off. Additionally, there are many other factors that alter the form of a landscape. in computer-assisted simulations of landscapes, this can be illustrated in two different ways: Either erosion-like appearances […]
From Functions to Terrain
To model a terrain, bivariate versions of sine or noise functions are defined. The midpoint displacement, instead of lines, is now applied to triangles. A triangle, for example, is divided by finding the midpoints on each of the sides of the triangle and connecting its consecutive midpoints. Connecting the consecutive midpoints of the edges will […]
of sine functions. The resulting functions are known as Weierstrass-Mandelbrot functions [227]: m= E Af rfH sin(2^r f t + 0f), (7.2) f=-<x
Modeling Terrain
The modeling of synthetic landscapes not only presupposes a natural look of the plant cover, but also requires the terrain itself to appear as a faithful replica of a scene in nature. Since there exists a complex interplay between the vegetation and the local peculiarities of a landscape, suitable specification methods for terrain, as well […]
Resume
Contrary to the many methods presented so far, rule-based object production permits a fast and intuitive modeling of plants. In order to support this statement, a small user study with 18 persons was conducted. After a 10-minute briefing about the system, 10 people had to model the head of a sunflower within 30 minutes, and […]